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Frost is Coming Soon

As I write this, I am sitting in front of an open window,
enjoying the pleasant coolness of the very early morning thanks to a 5 AM
wake up call by my 3 year old.  She’s gone
back to sleep, thank God, but I remained awake and thought I’d get something
more useful than lying in bed trying in vain to go to back to sleep.  As my mother reminds me, just as soon as she
starts sleeping to a reasonable hour in the morning, she’ll become difficult to
wake up in the morning.   
This column is about gardening, not children, though.  The first frost will arrive within the next
month, and it’s time to think about preparing for it.  Open windows at 5 AM will no longer be
pleasant, and fresh from the garden tomatoes, cucumbers, and peppers will be
gone for another season.  I’ll have to
fill my girls with as many cucumbers as possible before they are gone.  If you grow cucumbers, you know that they
grow from tender, edible vegetables into tough behemoths overnight, and the
chickens have certainly enjoyed eating the overgrown ones. 
If the first frost finds you fortunate enough to have green
tomatoes on the vine, pick them before frost touches them, wrap them in
newspaper, and store them in an unheated, but above freezing, area.  It’s easy to preserve bell peppers by chopping
them and sautéing them briefly, then freezing them.  Try to lay the bag flat in the freezer, and
to move the peppers around a bit so they don’t freeze into one huge ball.  When your recipe calls for chopped cooked
peppers, use some of yours from the summer. 
Although I have enjoyed the abundance of lima beans this
summer, they do take a very long time to shell. 
 My daughters and I shelled about
1 ½ quarts of lima beans last week, and with their help, which was actual help,
not hindrance, it took us about 30 minutes. 
Do not complain to farmers at the market about the cost of shelled lima
beans.  I will be glad for a break from
shelling lima beans; I can’t stop picking them until frost comes because I do
love to eat them.
My sweet potatoes have taken over the garden.  At the beginning of the summer, a rabbit
nibbled the new vines.  I believe he even
dug a home for himself near a hole created by a rotting tree stump near some
asparagus.  He didn’t do any serious
damage to my garden, and now he’s too fat to get through the wire into the
garden.  We enjoy seeing a real “Peter
Rabbit” in the yard, and his cuteness, and lack of serious damage to any
plants, saved him.  Before the first
frost, I’ll dig my sweet potatoes. 
Temperatures much below 50°F damage the tubers, so I’ll get them out of
the ground within the next couple of weeks, let them air dry for a week or so
in the garage as long as temperatures stay warm, and then I’ll store them
inside the house in a dark closet.
I’ll also take cuttings of coleus, geraniums, and other
tender annuals that I will root in water and then transfer to soil and save
over the winter.  My husband does enjoy
having an empty tub in our bathroom in the summer, when all the houseplants go
outside for a vacation, but I’ll soon fill it, which is positioned in front of
a south-facing glass block window, with houseplants and other tender plants I
hope to protect throughout the winter. 
Go ahead now and find a place for the houseplants indoors,
and spray them with water to remove the insects that might have found a home in
them for the summer.  Shake them to
remove dead leaves, and repot any that need it. 
Plan for the arrival of the first frost, and that way, the night before
the frost will find you relaxed instead of dashing about in the twilight,
filling your entryway with plants, and picking vegetables you are desperately
trying to save.

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Video of My Chickens Cleaning My Shoes of Beggar Lice

Most people have had the irritating experience of walking through a weedy area and emerging with beggar lice, the little velcro-like seeds of the Desmodium plant, stuck all over their shoes and pants.  I emerged from a weedy area covered in the seeds, and as I thought about how to rid myself of them, I stepped into the chicken pen to change out their water.  The chickens converged on my shoes and quickly picked them clean.      Of course, I had to go back to the weedy area, walk through it again to get more beggar lice stuck to my shoes, and film it.  Here it is.  
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Teachers, Enter Your Third Grade Class in This Gardening Contest

Photo Courtesy of Bonnie’s Plants

Earlier this month, Bonnie’s Plants announced its annual
Bonnie Plants Cabbage Program for third grade classrooms.  Although teachers need to sign up their
students for the program now, Bonnie’s Plants will deliver the cabbage plants
in the spring.  The free plants are OS
Cross (Over-sized), which produce giant (as in up to 65 pound) cabbages.
In 2002, Bonnie Plants began the program to “inspire a love
of vegetable gardening in young people,” according to their press release.  Each year, Bonnie Plants gives more than one
million 2-inch cabbage plants to 3rd grade classrooms.  The company provides detailed growing
instructions, and each child takes responsibility for nurturing his or her own
plant.  At the end of the growing season,
in May or June, each class selects a winner based the size, appearance, and
maturity of the cabbage and Bonnie’s Plants enters the class winners in a
$1,000 state scholarship drawing. 
Children can plant the cabbages in containers or in the
soil.  The directions include complete
care instructions, information about possible pests and diseases, as well as
guidelines about how to know when the cabbage is ready to harvest, so no
gardening experience is necessary. 
Teachers search for ways to make problem solving and research skills relevant
to their students, and figuring out how to defeat pests and diseases to grow a
giant cabbage is a fun way to use these skills. 
Teachers may register their classes at http://bonniecabbageprogram.com.  As for what to do with a 40-pound cabbage,
well that is another problem the children will need to solve.  Maybe they can make coleslaw for the entire
school!
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Fall Flowers are Blooming

The cool weather this week has me looking forward to all the
things about fall I love: changing leaf colors (which will be especially
exciting this fall because my youngest daughter has decided her favorite color
is orange, and we’ll be on a constant search for bright orange leaves)
fall-blooming flowers, and open windows in the house.
In my garden, the palette of flower colors is slowly
changing from pinks and blues to yellows, oranges, and purples.  Along the back perennial border, Mexican bush
sage is beginning to bloom in purple spires, and the buds of goldenrod are
about to break into yellow plumes of color. 
Contrary to popular belief, goldenrod does not aggravate allergic
people; ragweed, which blooms at about the same time, causes sniffles.  

Outside the vegetable garden, bright orange tithonia is
taller than I am.  Along with the goldenrod,
red dahlia, and red pineapple sage, the warm colors contrast well with the cool
purple of the butterfly bush.  Russian
sage, or Perovskia atriplicifolia,
gives more purple color.  The orange
berries from my Pyracantha shrub give a spot of bright orange that will last
through the winter.
Sedum ‘Autumn Joy’ with guineas in the background

Sedum, a nondescript succulent green perennial for most of
the year, is blooming and attracting beneficial insects.  ‘Autumn Joy’ is in bloom with russet orange
flowers, and a shorter sedum blooms in pink. 
The dried blooms will give the garden structure and interest through the
winter.  Anemones, like ‘Robutissima’ and
‘Honorine Johbert’ provide touches of pink, purple, and white, as do
asters. 

Anemone

Anemone ‘Honore Jobert’

A few months back, I cut back my chrysanthemums to encourage
them to bloom during the proper “mum blooming” time, fall.  I planted mine in the garden like any other
perennial, and the poor things do not realize that humans have decided that
mums should only bloom in the fall.  They
prefer to bloom in the summer.  They form
buds in late June, and to prevent the early blossoms, I give them all a haircut
to within a couple of inches of the ground with some hedge trimmers.  They have time to grow back so they will
bloom in the fall.
Pyracantha with orange berries contrasts well with the purple Mexican Sage

I have no idea why this iris is blooming now, but I do enjoy it

If you want to buy some fall-blooming perennials, garden
centers should have them now, or your gardening friends will be happy to share
theirs.  Plant them now and keep them well
watered and you should have fall flowers in the garden before frost.  If you buy chrysanthemums, consider buying
some in 4-inch or smaller pots instead of just the large, showy ones, and plant
them in the perennial border.  They will
bloom this fall, and if you give them a haircut when the buds form in the early
summer, they will bloom again next fall. 
Perennials can look ragged during the winter after the foliage has died,
so, on a pleasant winter day, go through your beds and cut to the ground any
brown sticks and foliage. 

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Weeds, Oh Weeds!

Many folks start out with plans to have a perfect garden in the spring, when the earth is fresh and the sun provides welcome warmth instead of burning the skin.  It’s easy to ignore the reality of crabgrass and other weeds that can take over the summer garden when life gets too busy for weeding and rain helps the weeds grow.
I’ve seen many gardens covered with knee-high weeds recently, and I empathize with the gardeners; knee-high weeds appear in my garden, too.  If you would like to start over and plant a fall garden but despair of ever getting through that mass of weeds to find the soil, it is possible to resurrect the plot of soil you lovingly tended back in April and to have lettuce and broccoli this fall.
If you can, mow the area with a lawnmower with a bagging attachment and throw the seed-filled clippings in the garbage.  Make rows and planting spaces in the grass, and then gather a lot of newspapers and cardboard, mush down the weeds if you can’t mow them, and spread the paper on top of the weeds.  Do try to remove the seeds of weeds that have made seed.  Use thick, overlapping
sections of paper—weeds will laugh at a couple of sheets of paper.  Make sure you lay out your rows before you apply the paper, or you’ll have to tear through paper to put in your plants or seeds.
Cover the paper with hay, leaves, or whatever you can find, just make sure to put down a layer about three inches thick.  Put the paper and mulch up to the edge of the rows.  Plant seeds or put in transplants, and make sure the mulch and paper borders the rows.  In a few hours, you will have a perfect fall garden with little work, at least compared to digging out all those weeds.
Free mulch is easy to find in the fall.  Leaves will soon fall from the trees and people will put bags of them on the side of the road, which you can bring home to cover your weedy garden.  Mulch needs to be so plentiful and cheap that you can apply a thick layer to fully shade out any weeds.
One cause of weedy gardens is that the optimistic gardener, in the beautiful spring weather, plants a garden that’s too large for his or her time and energy.  Maybe you really have time to tend a garden that’s half the size of the one you have, and you can permanently mulch the other half, and rotate garden sides every year.  Or you can put cover crops to enrich the soil and shade out weeds on the unused side.
That way, you can enjoy a well-tended garden all year long instead of dreading a weedy mess.